This is because the IBO speeds are determined under a set of particular conditions: Then, for comparing bow speeds, you'll need tomaintain these factors constant. Contact Us for More Information. We sometimes earn a small commission when you click through the affiliate links on our website. That is defined by an arrows weight, broadhead, and momentum. By simply indicating the particular values of some parameters, this tool will help you calculate an arrow fps speed. Similar in design, the 35 3/4-inch-long Horton Storm RDX attains 370 fps from a 16 1/2-inch power stroke and 165-pound draw weight. Four terms to know when properly sighting in a Crossbow. fps. Created by the International Bowhunter's Organization, the IBO speed is given as a speed value in feet per second (fps or ft/s), and the higher this number is, the higher the speed that could be achieved with that particular bow. Heavy arrows, coupled with the right speed for your target animal, optimized by a high FOC, can accomplish a lot more than a light, fast arrow. FOC stands for Front of Center balance point. Speed is needed to make the arrow arrive at its target quickly, but arrow speed is not what kills the animals you shoot with your bow. Kinetic Energy & Momentum Calculator Find out the kinetic energy of your arrow or bolt using the following simple calculator. You want to know the arrow's speed when you increase both the draw length and the arrow weight. 1. *All data are approximate. The gravitational constant (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, which is 32.174 feet per second per second at sea level. Kinetic energy (KE) is a measure of an arrows ability to transfer energy upon impact, and a higher KE can result in greater penetration and stopping power. But it cannot. Which means that if you want to be able to reliably hit live targets at 40 yards, you better have a crossbow that is able to launch arrows at 400 FPS or more. For every 3 grains of additional weight on the bowstring, subtract 1 ft/s from the IBO value. Here are a few rules of thumb to remember: The Kinetic Energy and Momentum Calculators here use the gravitational constant to give you the best results for kinetic energy and momentum. The same team that conducted the above research suggested a way to calculate the effective range for each bow/crossbow model: Divide the crossbow velocity (in FPS) by 10. Factoring in the gravitational constant in both of those formulas for hunting arrows is necessary to account for the effect of gravity on the arrows motion. Nevertheless, most archers do not use these exact parameters. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Which results in easier aiming and thus, in improved precision. When it comes to how much an arrow's weight affects its speed, the consensus is that every additional 5 grains of arrow weight reduces arrow speed by an average of 2 fps. As a general rule, with every 10 pound increase in draw weight, arrow speed rises by around 20 fps. A fast arrow has the flattest trajectory possible, and thats a good thing, for several reasons, the biggest being the leeway in aiming at a distant target at an unknown range. Knowing how your arrow speed changes with the increase in arrow weight, you can now easily figure out the new kinetic energy: For instance, if you know your crossbow shoots your current 400 grain arrows with a speed of 400 FPS, our chart above tells you to expect 124.8 ft-lb of kinetic energy at 30 yards. A properly balanced arrow measurements of 7 to 15%. The Doppler chronograph is fast and easy to use. Arrow flight time till impact at 44 yards, approximately 4/10 of a second. We've created a text where you'll find some of the basics related to IBO speed and how to calculate bow speed. 1. You should be able to successfully harvest Mid-Range Rise; Mid-range rise when sighting in a crossbow is the highest point in the arrows trajectory between the point blank range and the true zero point. These records provide information on the performance of different components in a computer system when running specific games or applications. draw weight, and 350-grain arrow. It will give you a rough idea of how fast an arrow travels after changing the bow from the recommended specifications. Ever wonder exactly how much kinetic energy is released by an arrow, based on its initial speed and distance traveled? If this tool does not calculate, please refresh the page and try again. Light Blue: Range of efficient arrow weights. Use the Arrow Efficiency Calculator to find the optimal arrow for your bowhunting setup. Also, make sure to check out our best crossbow rankings for a scoop on the top equipment on the market. Crossbow Kinetic Energy Chart, Calculations, Hunting Requirements, Compare expected FPS across over 120 crossbows, Arrow Ballistics Calculator Kinetic Energy, Drop, Speed, Momentum, Crossbow Arrow Drop Charted Test Results, Best Hunting Crossbow For The Money in 2020. These are calculated as follows: Our arrow speed calculator converts the units automatically. The heavier the arrow is, the faster gravity will pull it toward the ground, but arrows or bolts do not have an even weight throughout. To correctly calculate kinetic energy, use the following formula: 1/2 Mass (Arrow Weight in grains divided by 2) x Velocity squared (Arrow Speed x Arrow Speed (in fps from the above formula)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in foot-pounds (ft-lbs). . When an arrow is shot from your bow, its impact, and ability to penetrate and make the kill is based not just on the speed of your bow. You will need to provide total arrow weight and initial speed for the calculation to be effective, as well as some other optional info (see below). As such we recommend that elk hunters stick to 300 FPS or more. Crossbow Kinetic Energy 200 FPS 225 FPS 250 FPS 1/3 10 20 30 40 50 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Yards travelled by arrow Kinetic Energy ( In food - pounds) Chart by Visualizer Bowstring weight: Adding weight to a bowstring (peep sight, string silencers, string loop) will affect raw speed, but not by much. The overall weight of the weapon, its balance, arrow weight, ease of cocking, and precision are also important. Some of you might be in the position of owning an older model and wondering if upgrading to a 400 FPS+ model would have a great impact on your hunting experience. Reduce the IBO speed until the calculator shows the verified speed of 315; in this case, the correct IBO value would be 346 fps. 575 grain arrows will fly at ~84% of initial speed As you might expect, a heavier arrow flies slower than a smaller and lighter one. Two main ways in which speed affects precision: First, faster arrows have flatter trajectory, meaning they drop less as they fly toward their target. For more information on understanding arrow weight and FOC click here. There are a few more things that impact how fast your arrow is traveling after you shoot. 2. If it doesn't, adjust your 50-yard pin until it centers on the 50-yard bullseye when you're at full draw. Then, the more draw weight you use to pull, the quicker an arrow will fly and the more kinetic energy it will have. IBO Speed (feet per second) Bow/Arrow Speed Calculator (Estimate from IBO/ATA) This calculator will estimate the speed of the bow/arrow based on the speed rating of the manufacturer and individual setup of the bow. The arrow ballistics calculator below will help you determine your arrow's vertical drop, speed, kinetic energy and momentum, for up to 70 yards out in 10 yard increments. Now check the distance and estimate the speed below: If you are using a recurve bow, arrows can travel at up to 225 feet per second (fps) or 150mph, while arrows from a compound bow travel at up to 300 fps (200mph). When a crossbow is said to shoot at 300 FPS, that means that, when the arrow leaves the flight rail, it would travel 300 feet in the span of one second if it could constantly maintain its momentum and trajectory. Note that the above is valid if speed is NOT increased at the expense of reduced arrow weight. If you're planning on using 450 grain arrows, the information above suggests that your arrow will leave the crossbow at a speed of around 380 FPS (95% of 400). The momentum of an arrow is linked to arrow penetration. Considering that the vital area (heart and lungs) of a whitetail deer is 6" to 8", we can see how easy it is to miss the target when using a slower bow or a crossbow. Your arrows kinetic energy will depend on its speed. . Draw weight: The more draw weight you pull, the faster the arrow will fly. The rule of thumb is that for every 10 lbs. The general guideline for this factor is: For every extra inch of draw length increases approximately 10 fps the arrow speed; and. The arrow weight in grains (includes fletchings, wraps, inserts and also. If youre planning on using 450 grain arrows, the information above suggests that your arrow will leave the crossbow at a speed of around 380 FPS (95% of 400). To properly calculate momentum, use the following formula: Mass (Arrow Weight in grains) x Velocity (Arrow Speed (in fps)) / 225218 The result of this formula is calculated in slugs. The sights on a crossbow compensate for arrow drop by their installed height and not all sights are installed at the same height so not all crossbows shoot the exact same trajectory in appearance. For the most accurate results, it is best to use a known speed and known arrow weight under 6 grain per pound todetermine your "corrected" IBO value. While it is based on the bow speed IBO specification, you can input the individual settings of your bow. Bows 5-10 years old will tend to gain efficiency faster than one that is brand new. It's also worth noting that these variables are affected not just by the arrow's speed vvv but also by its mass AAA. Please keep in mind that this approach will only give you close estimates, and that it becomes a less accurate the further out we go (I wouldnt suggest using it for anything beyond 70 yards, which is far beyond what youll be hunting from anyway). Draw length: A longer draw length creates a longer power stroke than a shorter draw length, allowing the bow to store more energy. Anderson, SC, 2023 N1 Outdoors. And we purposefully say "speed that could be achieved" because these marked speeds are not usually the ones that an archer can attain while using his bow with his specific setup. When you input your bow and arrows information in the calculator below, you can see right away what your arrows potential is. In arrow flight, trajectory refers to the exact arcing path the arrow travels from the crossbow to the target downrange, as soon as the arrow leaves the power of the bowstring it is subjected to atmosheric drag (slowing it down) and gravity (pulling the arrow down to earth). Point Blank Range; Point blank range when sighting in a crossbow is the first point at which the line of sight intersects with the arrows path in the arrows trajectory arc. To properly calculate arrow speed, use the following formula: IBO Speed(in fps) + (Draw Length 30) x 10 Additional Weight on Bowstring (in grains) / 3 + MIN(0, (Arrow Weight(in grains) 5 x Draw Weight in Pounds) / 3 )). With the disadvantage of my short draw length of 27.5-inches and my draw weight of 60-pounds because of a bad shoulder, I decided to go with the fastest arrow within that range, something right around 400-grains. If your target is to find how fast an arrow travels, then you aim right because the arrow speed calculator will easily help you with that With this archery calculator, you'll also be able to identify the different factors and what values can help you improve your arrow's speed. A lighter arrow produces more arrow speed, but an increase in arrow weight (incremented by 25 grains) can increase and eventually decrease arrow kinetic energy. Do you really need a multi range sight for trajectory compensation. When you look at this and compare it to the table above, you can calculate what the right arrow can accomplish after you shoot it. To exaggerate to make a point, a one-pound arrow would plummet to the ground the minute it left your barrel. For every 3 grains of additional weight on the bowstring, subtract 1 fps from the IBO value. Try our arrow speed calculator below! This does not affect or reflect on our recommendations or opinions. In the calculator below, we measure this in slugs. The speed of your arrow will determine how flat of a trajectory your arrow has at short and long distances and how much arc is needed to travel large distances. 4. Knowing the rough speed at which your arrow will fly, you can now use our kinetic energy calculator to quickly figure out your arrow's initial kinetic energy. Once you have this figure, you can calculate the kinetic energy produced by your bow. What allows an arrow to ethically and effectively kill wild game is a combination of kinetic energy and momentum. We operate independently and do not provide Sponsored content. To calculate your arrow's kinetic energy you need to know two variables: 1) your total finished arrow weight in grains, and 2) the velocity of your arrow. At the rated 350 fps IBO the speed should be 319 so we know that the IBO is slightly high. ), Toughest Game (cape buffalo, grizzly, musk ox, etc. Total string accessory weights in grains (peep, tube, silencers, etc.). Arrow Velocity Arrow Mass Your kinetic energy is 0 foot pounds, and your momentum is 0 slug FPS. *This Calculator Was Developed With The Help of The Ashby Bow Foundation*. As such we decided to use 400 grain arrows, as this was bound to yield results most closely resembling those that a new crossbow buyer will experience when shooting the arrows in their crossbow package. Example - A 70#/29" bow that's rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. You decide to use 400 grain arrows, and using our FPS guide you calculate the point-blank speed of your arrow to be 240 FPS. If you want to learn more about momentum and how to calculate it, we have a dedicated momentum calculator that you might enjoy! Arrow Speed (FPS): Arrow Weight (grains): Advanced Shaft Length (inches): Shaft Diameter (inches): Fletching Length (inches): Fletching Height (inches): Calculate Reset to defaults Distance (yards) Drop (inches) Arrow Speed (FPS) Kinetic Energy (ft/lbs) Momentum (lb/sec) 0 10 20 Momentum: 0.111 slugs. Thus these values of speed, momentum, and kinetic energy, are only valid within a specific distance range. Its only from 300 FPS and up that you get enough kinetic energy at all feasible hunting distances (up to 50 yards) to be able to comfortably hunt elk. The arrow speed calculator makes it easy to estimate the speed of an arrow! For example, if you increase the draw weight by 5 pounds the speed of your arrows can increase by 10 fps. Arrow drop test results For more information on Kinetic Energy and Momentum, please see Kinetic Energy, Momentum and Arrows Enter the arrow weight (grains) Enter the arrow speed (fps) Momentum = Kinetic Energy = Archery Report Sites Archery Report Archery Calculator Most professional bows use the IBO (International Bowhunting Organization) specification. The combined speed, kinetic energy, and momentum calculator below will help you estimate the potential each arrow has based on its weight and your personal bow setup and settings. ), Any additional weight on your bowstring (nock loop, peep, etc.). The most critical factor is the IBO speed entered as this is the starting point of the calculations. - 400 F.P.S. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases. A feather traveling at 20 mph might sting, or might not even be felt, depending upon how it strikes. Use this tool to optimize your arrows now. Remember, the speed of your arrow is at the point of the shot. As the older bows were less efficient out of the box, they naturally have more room for improvement. ArcheryHunting.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. A 70#/29 bow thats rated at 350 fps is has been chronographed at 315 fps with a 400 grain arrow. 1 slug equals 32.174 ft-lbs. of draw weight. Every 3 grains of total arrow weight above draw weight multiplied by 5, will subtract 1 foot per second from the IBO value. This is what we included: The IBO speed is used as a standardized speed rating for bows. Practice has proved that shooting with a faster crossbow reduces or entirely eliminates the probability of this. . The speed decreases exponentially as the arrow travels. But let's get a bit more precise (pun unintended): Aside from your aiming skills, animals jumping the string is the most common reason for disappointing results on hunting trips with a crossbow. *Initial speed = our base speed determined using a 400 grain arrow: 425 grain arrows will fly at ~97.5 of initial speed Speed is good, but whether shooting carbon arrows such as Beman's ICS Crossbow Hunter or Easton's Bloodline, XX75 aluminum or its . For example, a 500 spine arrow bends .5 inches when the weight is applied. Because there is a huge difference between shooting a deer with a 300 FPS crossbow and a 400 FPS (or faster) model. Scope sights have an advantage as they can easily be raised higher above the flight rail by simply installing higher rings, when this is done the crossbow will sight-in differently and appear to have a flatter trajectory, which is a good thing. 2. 525 grain arrows will fly at ~87.8% of initial speed There are several factors that go into the arrow speed equation. For the least effort, draw your bow, aim at the top bullseye with your top pin, and check to see if from 50 yards your 50-yard pin, for example, coordinates with the bullseye covering your 50-yard group. When shooting a compound bow, all things being equal, they are: Many bowhunters dont quite understand the complexity behind bow speeds. Mid-Range Rise; Mid-range rise when sighting in a crossbow is the highest point in the arrows trajectory between the point blank range and the true zero point. This is where this bow speed calculator comes in handy; it allows you to examine how the arrow will behave under a different bow setting. When you properly sight-in your crossbow for hunting you want to have a flat trajectory, the flatter the better. The values in the table below come from the following bow and its associated settings. And this is a bigger problem than you may think at the moment. Here is an example to demonstrate the use of the values above: Example: lets say you know your 400 grain arrow will fly at 350 FPS. If you know your arrow's weight (in grains) and your arrow's speed (Feet Per Second), then you can use our Kinetic Energy and Momentum calculator above to find out each! But that rarely happens, and heres why. During my teens, I spent countless hours with my dad in our archery shop, buildingarrows, tuning bows, and then testing their performance right outside in our backyard. 3. One thing to remember is that while kinetic energy provides the impact of your arrow on your intended target, what it doesnt necessarily provide is information on your arrows ability to penetrate and travel through your target. 475 grain arrows will fly at ~92.3% of initial speed You can calculate your arrow's KE and express it in foot-pounds. The table below provides us with a general idea of how much momentum is needed for different types of wild game and it also shows us the arrows penetration capability when coupled with KE. This arrow speed calculator allows you to accurately determine the speed of an arrow.
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